RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: A preliminary opt-out screening study for HIV was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in India according to Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines. A total of 876 cases were screened for HIV during August 2007 to December 2007 using tests approved by the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO). RESULTS: Data indicates that the prevalence of HIV in emergency and pre-surgical setting was 21 per thousand at the tertiary care center. Positivity rate in the pediatric population was 20.9 per thousand while in adults it was 21.4 per thousand. Most patients were totally unsuspected. Nearly 40000 patients seek admission annually to the emergency department alone. Thus nearly 700 to 800 patients may be missed every year if one does not resort to such a practice. CONCLUSION: Since India has the second largest number of HIV cases in the world, opt-out screening program and testing in an emergency setting, as recommended by CDC, is extremely relevant. Logistics of implementation of this policy need to be worked out at a national level.
Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hospitais , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Projetos Piloto , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Salmonella typhi is known to produce acalculous cholecystitis and related gall bladder perforation. Following is a documentation of a patient of sub-phrenic abscess and gall bladder perforation which was possibly a result of Salmonella paratyphi A.
Assuntos
Colecistite/complicações , Colecistite/diagnóstico , Febre de Causa Desconhecida/etiologia , Febre Paratifoide/complicações , Febre Paratifoide/diagnóstico , Salmonella paratyphi A/isolamento & purificação , Abscesso Subfrênico/complicações , Abscesso Subfrênico/diagnóstico , Biópsia por Agulha , Colecistectomia/métodos , Colecistite/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Laparotomia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ruptura Espontânea , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
A patient of rheumatoid arthritis having mitral stenosis and aortic regurgitation is reported. Our findings are based on clinical and echocardiographic study.
